This is also true for Ecclesia and Synagoga, arguably the most famous statues of the cathedral, if not of Strasbourg. These windows consist of 5 sets and depict 19 Emperors of the Holy Roman Empire. While the spire is the most prominent feature, the western faade is the most impressive element of the cathedrals design. The clock shows much more than the official time; it also indicates solar time, the day of the week (each represented by a god of mythology), the month, the year, the sign of the zodiac, the phase of the moon and the position of several planets. The small circular windows above the Emperors depict scenes from the life of Christ.[73]. The walls are pierced with narrow slits, like a medieval fortress, giving it a very military appearance. The Cathedrale Strasbourg is a Roman Catholic Church renovated and essentially rebuilt (from the original church of 1015) at the end of the 12th century in a Gothic architectural style. [18]. [8], The nave is dominated by the two rows of massive pillars. He was followed by a Michael von Freiburg (also known as Michael von Gmnd, or Michael Parler, from the Parler family of architects), recorded as magister operis in 13831387,[24] who was then succeeded by Claus von Lohre (13881399). The painted figures on the wall represent fathers of the church and founders of religious orders, depicted in Byzantine style. [45] During that same war, the stained glass was removed in 74 cases. It is surrounded by a big place where tourists and inhabitants of Strasbourg like to take a walk. 15 Fabulous Facts About Luxembourg Palace, A-Z Index - Art Timeline - Architecture Timeline - Contact - Terms - Privacy Policy - About Art Facts, 1. It was originally made in 1498 by Nicolas Roder for the cemetery of Saint-Thomas, and was based on engravings by Martin Schongauer and Albrecht Drer. The architects of the rebuilding began to include Gothic elements, following the style that had appeared in northern France in the 12th century, while still preserving the existing Romanesque features. [51], The rose window and gallery of the Apostles, The west front or faade, the main entrance of the cathedral, is a relatively late addition, constructed between 1277 and 1490. This project was completed in 1926, after the end of the war. Protestant and Revolutionary iconoclasm, the war periods of 1681, 1870 and 19401944, as well as changes in taste and liturgy, have taken a toll on some of Strasbourg Cathedral's most outstanding features such as the choir screen of 1252 and the successive high altars (ca. The visual effect of the faade is enhanced by its unusual darkish red stone. Top 10 Little Known Facts about Palais Rohan. Different characters, representing the ages of life (from a child to an old man) parade in front of Death. Its considered to be the epitome of French Gothic architecture, 5. The cathedral in Strasbourg is widely known as one of the most beautiful gothic cathedrals in whole Europe. [25] The three men completed the bell tower over the central part of the faade, in a design that moved away from Gerlach von Steinbach's initial idea of a central tower and whose precise authorship is unknown. At the lower level are statues of the four Evangelists. Even though the cathedral was eventually surpassed in height by the St. Nikolai Church in Hamburg, Germany, it still holds the record of being the tallest church in the world that was completely constructed during the Middle Ages. It is the second most visited cathedral in France, just after Notre Dame de Paris! The Cathedral stands on the exact site of a roman temple built on a little hill above the muddy ground. During the French Revolution in the late 18th century, churches in France were in great danger. This cathedral was then again replaced by a more prominent structure which consisted of three naves and three apses, and it was on the ruins of this Carolingian cathedral that the original modern-day cathedral was constructed in 1015. Ad vertisement from shop HayleesSilver. It was the highest building in the world from 1647 to 1874. [85], Statue of Virgin and a processional banner, in the Chapel of St. Andrew, The Chapel of Saint Andrew is on the southeast side, to the right of the apse. The Gothic style also appeared in the statuary, particularly the Pillar of the Angels, and in the tympanums over the double portals on the south transept, which showed the influence of the sculpture in French Gothic cathedrals. One of the most remarkable facts about Strasbourg Cathedral is that even though its considered to be the epitome of a church in the Gothic architectural style, the first phase consisted of Romanesque buildings. The four bells in the octagon tower are rung on the hour. He in 1284 and developed a western facade, with a thousand sculptures and an elegant rosette window. At the same time, the planned two spires on either side of the facade would reach an extraordinary height of 122 meters. One of the most incredible facts about Strasbourg Cathedral is that its spire was saved because the citizens of Strasbourg dressed the spire of the church with a huge tin Phrygian cap, the exact type of cap worn by the Enrags at the time. One of the most fascinating facts about Strasbourg Cathedral is that it took hundreds of years to complete. But it hasn't always been. [53], The portal of Saint-Laurent, on the north transept, The three Kings with the Virgin Mary and child, Original statues in the Muse de l'uvre Notre-Dame, The portal of Saint Lawrence, was added to the north transept between 1495 and 1505 by Jacob von (or Jacques de) Landshut, with sculptures by Hans von Aachen (aka Johan von Ach, or Jean d'Aix-la-Chapelle) and Conrad Sifer. The Muse de l'uvre Notre-Dame, or Museum of the Work of Notre-Dame, is located in a medieval and Renaissance building not far from the cathedral, and displays a collection of some of the most delicate original works of sculpture and art from Cathedral, moved there to protect them from environmental damage. In 1524, the city council assigned the cathedral to the Protestant faith, while the building suffered some damage from iconoclastic assaults. The Director of public works of Strasbourg, Grold, quickly took down and protected the statues of the portal, but 215 statues of the voussures over the portals were smashed with hammers, as were the angels atop the gables on the facade, and the crowns and sceptres of the statues of the kings. Construction of the new cathedral began on the foundations of the preceding structures. A trick saved the cathedrals spire during the French Revolution, 13. A balustrade crosses the face of the transept, and above is a wall of two bays filled with stained glass. Choir pipe organ, north side of the choir, Height of observation deck: 66m (217ft), Exterior height of central nave: 40m (130ft), Inside height of central nave: 32m (105ft), Inside width of central nave: 16m (52ft), Inside height of lateral naves: 19m (62ft), Exterior width of west faade: 51.5m (169ft), Diameter of west faade rose window: 13.6m (45ft). [67] It is surrounded and supported by four more slender towers containing circular stairways. The planned south tower was never built and as a result, with its characteristic asymmetrical form, the cathedral is now the premier landmark of Alsace. . Download Strasbourg Cathedral stock photos. It is composed of an octagonal pillar surrounded by four engaged columns, which reach upwards to support the vaults, and four slender colonettes. The cathedral was eventually surpassed in height by the St. Nikolai Church in Hamburg, Germany. Construction was resumed in 1571 by Conrad Dasypodius and the Habrecht brothers, and this clock was given a more ambitious program of mechanical figures. Although considerable parts of it are still in Romanesque architecture, it is widely considered At 142 metres , Strasbourg Cathedral was the world's tallest building from 1647 to 1874 , when it was surpassed by St. Nikolai's Church, Hamburg. The Steinbachs's plans for the completion of the cathedral were not followed through by the chief architects who took over after them, and instead of the originally envisioned two spires, a single, octagonal tower with an elongated, octagonal crowning was built on the northern side of the west facade by master Ulrich von Ensingen and his successor, Johannes Hltz. Find Strasbourg Strasbourg Cathedral stock photos and editorial news pictures from Getty Images. It was electrified after 1807, and was restored and modified several times, most recently in 193435 and in 197581, giving it the current forty-seven jeux.[76]. [83], Animated characters launch into movement at different hours of the day. Theres a reason why the church has an asymmetrical form, 12. Strasbourg Cathedral (official French: Notre-Dame de Strasbourg ,German: Liebfrauenmnster zu Straburg, Our Lady of Strasbourg) is the Cathedral in Strasbourg. While its most definitely assumed that drawings of buildings were made before the construction of this cathedral, the construction of this particular church marked an important moment in architectural history. The primary decorative element is the rose window, added between 1320 and 1340, and substantially restored since. In 1956, the Council of Europe donated the famous choir window by Max Ingrand, the "Strasbourg Madonna" (see also Flag of Europe Biblical interpretation). the choir and south portal, still have very Romanesque features, with more emphasis placed on walls than on windows. Together with the Cologne Cathedral, the faade of the Strasbourg Cathedral is considered to be one of the first buildings in history which made architectural drawings necessary to make it conceivable. Other scenes are painted onto the reverse of the bas-reliefs. A large arched bay occupies the central portion, just below a balustrade. [67], The spire above the tower is composed of eight stages of elaborate octagonal structure, linked together by interlaced arches and pinnacles, which contain a stairway to the lantern at the top. This was then carried out in the south transept. One of the most fascinating facts about Strasbourg Cathedral is that it took hundreds of years to complete. [84], The main altar, in the form of a tomb, is a recreation of an earlier altar in the rocaille or late baroque style, which had been damaged in a fire in 1759 and then ruined during the French Revolution. Work on the church was frequently interrupted by wars and political crises. It dates to the end of the 15th century. The cathedral is illuminated by one of the most remarkable collections of stained-glassed windows in the world. They were manufactured between 1638 and 1657 in Paris by Pierre Damour. In 1372 the work was taken over a master Conrad, also known as Kuntze, about whom little is known, until 1382. [69] The medieval crossing dome's aspect was altered several times over the centuries. The meeting points between the columns and the vault ribs is decorated with vegetal sculpture. Some of the windows were assembled with glass from different periods: in the windows devoted to the Emperors Frederick II and Henry II of Bamberg, the heads were made between 1250 and 1275, but in 1522 were remounted onto the bodies of other kings from earlier windows made in about 1180. The cathedral is known for its ornate architecture and is one of the finest examples of Gothic architecture in Europe. Strasbourg Cathedral Interesting Facts The construction of the cathedral took 424 years. They feature a Tree of Jesse (The Genealogy of Christ) and the judgement of Solomon (right window) and the Virgin Mary with John the Baptist and John the Evangelist) as well as King Solomon, the Queen of Sheba and King David on the left. After the French defeat, Alsace was ceded to the new German Empire until 1918. Christianity was first imposed in 313 by the Edict of Constantine. It takes its reddish-brown color from the sandstone of the Vosges mountains. It is also a very early part of the cathedral, built shortly after 1150, with nine crossings and three naves of slightly different sizes, covered by Romanesque groin vaults. They were purchased by the Chapter of Strasbourg Cathedral in 1739, and were an example of the importation of the French style of that period into Alsace. [20] Erwin von Steinbach's son Johannes von Steinbach served as magister operis, or Werkmeister (chief architect) from (at least) 1332 until his death in 1341. [62][63][64][65][66], The eight-sided tower is three times higher than wide, more elongated than other Gothic towers of the 14th century. Its place as the bourdon, or largest and deepest-sounding bell, was taken by an older bell, the "Totenglock", or "Death bell", which was traditionally used for mourning. Previous buildings on the site Strasbourg Cathedral still holds a remarkable record, 7. [57] Following their destruction during the French Revolution, several of the sculptures have been replaced in the 19th century by works by Philippe Grass,[58] Jean-tienne Malade,[59] and Jean Vallastre. A gallery of statues of the Apostles, each in his own arch, is placed above the rose window. [71], The narthex of the cathedral and massive pillars supporting the tower, seen from the central nave, Inside of west front doors, with blind rose window and column-statue of St. Peter. This part of the clock is surrounded by painted figures representing the ancient empires Greece, Assyria, Persia, and Rome. Plans to rebuild and restore the Notre Dame Cathedral are underway, with donations pouring in from all over. The construction, and later maintenance, of the cathedral is supervised by the Fondation de l'uvre Notre-Dame ("Foundation of Our Lady") since at least 1224. The first traverses were made in what was known as the Lorraine style, with two levels of quadripartite windows, traversed by a narrow passageway. Strasbourg Cathedral or the Cathedral of Our Lady of Strasbourg (French: Cathdrale Notre-Dame de Strasbourg, or Cathdrale de Strasbourg, German: Liebfrauenmnster zu Straburg or Straburger Mnster), also known as Strasbourg Minster, is a Catholic cathedral in Strasbourg, Alsace, France. The ornate and colourful decoration of pinnacle, spires, and sculpture Sculpture also hangs beneath the organ, including a moving figure of Samson opening the jaws of a lion. It is the seat of a Bishop. [82], Multiple faces of the clock -stars and hours, One face of the clock -signs of the zodiac, The astronomical clock, located in the south transept, is one of the most famous features of the cathedral. The construction of the Strasbourg Cathedral, we know today, thereafter started and it took quite a bit of time to finish. Construction finished in 1439 with the erection of the emblematic North tower. The initial property, inscribed in 1988 on the World Heritage List, was formed by the Grande-le, the historic centre of Strasbourg, structured around the cathedral. There are two altars fixed to west pillars of the crossing, both from the 16th century; one devoted to Saint Pancras of Rome and the other to Saint Maurice. Strasbourg Cathedral While Goethe's poems on nature, romance, science and his great novel Faust have long been available to the English-speaking audience, his writings on art and literature, as in Essays, are less familiar. 1439-1939", "Straburger Mnster, Cathdrale Notre-Dame de Strasbourg", "Straburger Mnster Mnster Unserer Lieben Frau", Notre Dame Cathedral (original plans and contemporary photographs), Historical Sketch of the Cathedral of Strasbourg, Diocese of GrenobleVienne-les-Allobroges, Armenian Catholic Eparchy of Sainte-Croix-de-Paris, Maronite Catholic Eparchy of Our Lady of Lebanon of Paris, Ukrainian Catholic Eparchy of Saint Vladimir the Great of Paris, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Strasbourg_Cathedral&oldid=1140780300, 15th-century Roman Catholic church buildings in France, Roman Catholic churches completed in 1439, Articles with French-language sources (fr), Articles with German-language sources (de), Articles needing cleanup from October 2021, Cleanup tagged articles with a reason field from October 2021, Wikipedia pages needing cleanup from October 2021, Pages using embedded infobox templates with the title parameter, Articles with MusicBrainz place identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, First Emperor Window: HENRICUS REX (presumably, Fourth Emperor Window: KAROLUS D[ic]C[tu]S MARTEL PATER BIPPINI (, Fifth Emperor Window: LOTHARIUS ROMANORUM IMPERATOR (. A sculpture of a head, wearing the hat of an architect or magistrate, gazes from the balustrade at the pillar of angels. Strasbourg Cathedral in France is famous for its western facade. It was built over a period of 424 years, 3. Theres a statue of the main architect next to the cathedral, 8. Strasbourg is the seat Council of Europe, of the European Court of Human Rights and of the European Parliament. A first Romanesque cathedral was built in the 11th century which later burnt to the ground. Drawing A, circa 1260. The other vaults in the crossing were also intended to be painted, but funding was insufficient. Archaeological excavations below and around the cathedral have been conducted in 18961897,[11] 1907,[12] 19231924,[13] 19471948,[14] between 1966 and 1972,[15] and finally between 2012 and 2014. The Strasbourg Christmas markets are located in old Strasbourg, which is located on an island in the middle of the city. The pilasters between the stairways are older, from 1015. Interior of the Strasbourg cathedral De kathedraal van Straatsburg (Cathdrale Notre-Dame de Strasbourg, Strassburger Mnster) behoort tot de grootste en beroemdste kathedralen van Frankrijk.
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